Familiar examples of communicable diseases are malaria and tuberculosis. Definition who, 2011 noncommunicable diseases ncds, also known as chronic diseases, are not passed from person to person. Some of the reasons for the noninfectious disease are genetics, nutritional deficiency, age and sex of the individual and so on. Some common human diseases 268 biology notes module 4 environment and health pandemic. Diseases that are catching diseases that are caused by germs or pathogens.
Communicable diseases by its occurrence in space sporadic. Consult your local or state health department when there is more than one case of a communicable disease. To reduce that burden an integrated approach is required, combining health promotion, disease prevention and patient treatment. Global platform may 2011 disaster risk management for.
Early chapters are devoted to aseptic technique, care of communicable diseases in the home, and public health control of communicable disease. Communicable diseases constitute a considerable proportion of the global burden of morbidity and mortality, accounting in 2002 for 23. Communicable diseases are spread from person to person or from animal to person. Some important concepts related to diseases from previous posts. Communicable disease notes regularly clean and sanitize all food service utensils, toys, and other items used by children. Communicable and noncommunicable diseases increase at the same rate in low and highincome countries occurring among the same patient populations. When a communicable disease is diagnosed and suspected. Epidemiologic summaries of selected general communicable diseases in california, 2001 2008. They are caused by some genetic abnormality or metabolic disorder or malfunctioning of an organ. Communicable disease notes for schools and childcare centers pdf file, 33kb exclusion and readmission. Continued and intensified action to safeguard and accelerate these positive trends will be vital for saving lives and improving health globally and achieving the ambitious targets we have jointly set to beat ncds. They are of long duration and generally slow progression. Human diseases pdf download notes for ssc cgl 2017,upsc,nda.
Tadesse anteneh for his advice, encouragement, and support in the preparation of this lecture note. Who information note issue 1 final approved by adg. Lack of access to safe water and inadequate sanitation facilities transmission of waterborne and foodborne pathogens. Communicable diseases 201516 notes tmcec regional judges programs mark goodner i. Identify the major communicable diseases that pose health problems in ethiopia. Has the ability to repair itself, to fight off attacking microorganisms and adapt to a variety of situations often time microorganisms enter the body and attempt to infect the body causing a disease a disease is a condition where an organism experiences impaired function often with detrimental symptoms. Division of public health, marion county health department, communicable disease control program, in accordance with sec. Examples include cancer, diabetes, and hypertension. The rise of ncds also creates an enormous burden on health systems. Communicable diseases, causative agent, incubation period, mode of transmission, sign and symptoms, preventive measure all detail as per pci syllabus. For more information, call missouri department of health and senior services mdhss at 573751 61 or 8666289891 85 monday thru friday or call your local health department. Describe the burden of communicable diseases in ethiopia.
Ncdsdefined as diseases that are not transmissible directly from one person to anotheraccount. The four types of noncommunicable diseases ncds cardiovascular diseases, cancers, chronic respiratory diseases and diabetes make the largest contribution to mortality in the majority of developing countries and economies in transition. You may blame it upon the pollution or the lack of sanitation or hygiene, a disease can disrupt your body functions and make you suffer a lot. Disease control, and communicable noncommunicable diseases.
Immigration from or travel to a developing country within 6 months prior to onset. Communicable diseases lecture notes for nurses, includes most important diseases to learn for nclex exam and clinical practices. Acute communicable disease control manual b73 revisionaugust 2011 part iv. Communicable disease an overview sciencedirect topics. Vitamins and minerals deficiency diseases sex determination genetic disorders diseases caused by microorganisms immunity human immune system aids acquired. As described in the introduction, the organisms that cause communicable diseases are called infectious agents, and their transmission to new uninfected people is what causes communicable diseases. Overview of noncommunicable diseases and related risk. Grade 5 disease prevention unit lesson one communicable and noncommunicable diseases estimated delivery time.
Communicable disease notes texas department of state. Communicable diseases, and the associated risk factors, can be grouped as follows. Some are transmitted through bites from insects while others are caused by. Define epidemiology and epidemiological terminologies. Children and adults with these conditions except ringworm of the body and pinworms should be excluded until treated. The document was prepared by the california department of public health, center for infectious diseases, division of communicable disease control. Each chapter is followed by a series of questions and a reference list. Communicable, or infectious diseases, are caused by microorganisms such as bacteria, viruses, parasites and fungi that can be spread, directly or indirectly, from one person to another. Epidemiologic summaries of selected general communicable. While many infectious diseases have been successfully controlled in some parts of the world, many people worldwide are still at risk of these diseases. Noninfectious are noncommunicable diseases and caused by a variety of reasons. Prevention and control of communicable diseases a guide for school administrators, nurses, teachers, child care providers, and parents or guardians department of health and senior services bureau of communicable disease control and prevention jefferson city, mo 65102 573 75161 866 6289891 email.
The epidemiology of common communicable diseases center for acute disease epidemiology lucas state office building, 321 e. There are various kinds of diseases basically divided into two categories, communicable and non communicable diseases. Video created by emory university for the course health in complex humanitarian emergencies. Communicable disease chart reportable disease refers to individual cases. Dr oleg chestnov assistant directorgeneral noncommunicable diseases and mental health world health organization. Gains can be achieved much more readily by influencing public. Diseases, dekalb county board of health, at 404 5087851. Reporting communicable diseases to outside agencies all licensed child care programs are required to report outbreaks of some communicable diseases to both community care licensing and the local public health department.
I would like to express my deep appreciation to dr. Other aspects, such as differential diagnosis, immunity, and complications and sequelae, are discussed where pertinent. There are various diseasecausing agents ranging from bacteria and viruses to. Some noncommunicable diseases are more common than others. Communicable diseases are common among people these days. Nuisance diseases socalled nuisance diseases, such as scabies, head lice pediculosis, ringworm of the body or scalp, and pinworms are highly contagious and can cause problems in a groupcare setting. Acute and chronic diseases, communicable diseases, organspecific diseases, principles of treatment, principles of prevention, diseases in indian children.
A reservoir is a human, another animal, or a nonliving thing such as soil, where the infectious agent normally lives. Diseases acute, chronic, communicable diseases pmf ias. Communicable disease diseases that are spread from one person to the other. Texas department of state health services, infectious. Communicable diseases who regional office for africa. Communicable disease control 1 chapter one introduction 1. Six factors are involved in the transmission of communicable diseases. Ltd, pondicherry, india printed and bound in the uk by biddles ltd, kings lynn webbercommunicable disease epidemiology and control, 2nd edition final. The yearly summaries of selected general communicable diseases in california, 20112015 pdf, provide important health information on the magnitude and burden of communicable diseases in california. Technical notes pdf the technical notes describe the definitions, methods, and limitations associated with the epidemiologic summaries.
The minister of health and community services has the ultimate responsibility for this. The prerequisite for success in this fight is the participation of all health care professionals. Communicable diseases refer to diseases that can be transmitted and make people ill. Respirato slideshare uses cookies to improve functionality and performance, and to provide you with relevant advertising. Concepts on communicable diseases concepts on communicable. The spread or transfer can happen through the air, through contact with contaminated surfaces, or through direct. Human diseases pdf download notes for ssc cgl 2017,upsc,nda,cds a.
They are among the major causes of illnesses in kenya and the entire africa. Epidemiology of infectious diseases lecture materials. The communicable diseases act and the communicable diseases amendments order, 1998 appendix a constitute the statutory basis for the control of communicable diseases in newfoundland and labrador. The phn will adhere to the following guidelines outlined in the three documents. Taking these trends into consideration, the ethiopian federal ministry of health has included this module on noncommunicable diseases, emergency care and mental health in the education and training of its health extension practitioners, who provide health promotion and diseases prevention services throughout the rural areas of the country. Infections and infectious diseases are a great burden on many societies, including the countries in the who european region. Each state, through the exercise of its police powers, has may intervene in the when necessary for the preservation of the health, safety, and morals of the community. National policies in sectors other than health have a major bearing on the risk factors for ncds. General illness prevention measures most communicable diseases can be prevented through basic infection control measures such as regular handwashing, practicing respiratory etiquette covering coughs and sneezes, and proper disinfection of high touchhigh traffic surfaces. A list of those diseases which are report able in california is included on the final page of this note. The past century has seen a profound decrease in mortality rates across the world, accompanied by a marked shift from communicable diseases caused by infectious microbes to noncommunicable diseases ncds such as cardiovascular diseases, cancer, and respiratory diseases.
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